Improvement in electro-magnetic engines



L. BASTET. Electro-'Magnetic Engines. 'No.53,700. PatentedAugll'fJM.

mi "M I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS BASTET, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 153,700, dated August4, 187A; application nled August 24, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Louis BAsTET, of the city of New York, in the countyand State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement inElectro-Magnetic Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification.

This invention consists in the combination, with the magnets of anelectro-motor, of a rota-ry shaft or hub provided with a suitable numberof T-shaped armatures, consisting of radial spokes or arms, terminatingin rectangular ends or cross-heads, each of said armatures beingseparate and distinct in itself, and having no metallic connection withany other arm atnre, except what may exist through a common hub, wherebyI am enabled to produce an electro-magnetic motor which is free from anyback pull, 7 and, consequently, one which is very powerful andAefficient in all respects. l

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a vertical cross-section of anelectromagnetic motor containing my improvement, taken on the plane ofthe line a: Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical axial section of the same,taken on.

the plane of the line y y, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of themotor. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the hub of thedistributing-wheel, taken on the plane of the line z a, Fig. 2; and Fig.5 is a transverse section of the said distributing-wheel, taken on theplane ofthe line w w of Fig. 2.

A A designate the electro-magnets, which are arranged at opposite endsof the base D of the frame, and which, preferably, have T- shaped coresp p, (see Fig. 2,) thereby presentin g' extended surfaces to thearmatures. The bodies or legs of the said cores are wound with insulatedwire in the usual way, forming a north pole, a, and a south pole, l),for each magnet. The two wires from the north poles a of the magnetsare, respectively, fastened in the binding-screws M M, which, by meansof two contactsprings, K K, communicate with the keys of adistributing-wheel, F, having its periphery made up of a series ofmetallic keys, g g, and intervening circuit-breaking surfaces h h, (seeFig. 5,) and also having a hub, e, provided with a metal facing, f,which connects with the keys g g, and communicates, through acontact-spring,H, with the bindingscrew I, in which the wire from thepositive pole of the battery is fastened. The wires from the south polesb b of the magnets are both secured in the common binding-screw P, inwhich the wire from the negative pole of the battery is also fastened.Thus the electric circuit through the magnets is intermittentlycompleted by the keys of the distributingwheel and the contact-springs KK, and the magnets are magnetized and demagnetized, so as to alternatelyattract and release the arm atures B O, B O. The contact-springs K Kare, respectively, arranged so that, when one is in electrical contactwith a key, g, of the distributing-wheel, the other rests on one of thenon-conducting surfaces h h, (see Fig. 5,) and therefore the magnets Awill, attract the said armatures B O alternately, and will impart a moreuniform motion to the rotary shaft G, on which such armatures arearranged. The rotary shaft G, in this instance, is journaled in the sideframes or standards. O O of the machine; but it is obvious that, in manyeases, such shaft may constitute the drivin g-shaft of the machine to bedrivenof a sewin g-machine, for instance--and in such case the magnets AA will be arranged on some convenient part of such machine, thestandards O O not being required. Such arrangement of the magnets isillustrated by the dotted outlines in Figs. l and 2.

Each armature B C consists of a radial arm, B, which extends from acommon hub, S, mounted upon the rotary shaft G, and is provided, at itsouter end, with a cross-head, O.

It will. be observed that these several armaturesB O areentirelyisolated from each other, having no connection of any kind witheach other, except the common hub S or shaft G. This absolute magneticlisolation of the armatures, one from the other, is a most importantfeature in an electro-magnetic engine, because in such cases themagnetism, which,in greater or less quantity, always remains in themagnets during the intermissions in the electric current, is deprived ofany body or substance on which to exercise its attractive force, and

thus the so-called back pull or retardation, which so impairs theeffectiveness of other electromagnetic motors, is obviated.

It is preferred to make the cross -heads C deep and narrow, so that theywill present a sufficient surface to the magnets Without offering,` anyunnecessary Width of surface; and hence no retardation of the armaturesthemselves, by reason of their construction, can take place; and it ispreferable, also, to cast the armatures B C in one piece with the hub S,in which case the construction of the motor is much simplified.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

L. BASTET.

Witnesses A. l. THAYER, ALEX. F. RoBERTs.

